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摘要:
与地面网络设施相比，卫星的机载资源十分有限，面对用户地理位置及流量需求分布的不均匀，传统的固定分组和固定资源分配方式缺乏灵活性，限制了系统容量。基于地理位置的用户分组，利用相控阵天线产生的具有灵活方向和波束宽度的动态波束和跳波的时间分片技术，可以实现对卫星资源的合理分配和高效利用。在低轨多波束卫星场景下，利用P中心问题模拟用户分组问题算法对卫星用户进行分组，实现用户平均信息速率的最大化。基于分组结果提出一套适用于用户分组方案的灵活资源分配算法，并在最后加入一个组间资源调配的过程，以避免空闲资源的浪费。经过实验数据模拟和性能评估，所提算法比传统的用户分组和资源分配算法更能够有效提升系统吞吐量，降低用户平均排队时延。
Abstract:Compared with terrestrial network facilities, the resources of satellites are very limited, and the traditional fixed grouping and fixed resource allocation methods lack flexibility and limit the system capacity in the face of the uneven distribution of user geographic locations and traffic demands. User grouping based on user geographic location, using a dynamic beam with flexible direction and flexible beamwidth generated by phased array antennas and time-slicing technology of beam-hopping technique can achieve reasonable allocation and efficient utilization of satellite resources. Reasonable allocation and efficient usage of satellite resources can be achieved through user grouping based on user geographic location, phased array antenna-generated dynamic beam with flexible beamwidth and direction, and time-slicing technology of beam-hopping technique. Then a set of flexible resource allocation strategies for the user grouping scheme is proposed based on the grouping results, and an inter-group resource allocation process is added at the end to prevent the waste of free resources. In comparison to the conventional user grouping and resource allocation technique, the suggested approach can successfully increase system throughput and decrease users’ average queuing delays after experimental data simulation and performance evaluation.
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Key words:
- multi-beam satellite /
- beam-hopping /
- user grouping /
- timeslot allocation /
- power allocation
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图 7 不同用户分组方案下吞吐量比较
Figure 7. Throughput comparison under different user grouping schemes
图 8 不同用户分组方案下平均等待时延比较
Figure 8. Average waiting delay comparison under different user grouping schemes
图 9 不同用户分组方案下请求满足率比较
Figure 9. Request satisfied ratio comparison under different user grouping schemes
图 13 不同功率分配方案下吞吐量比较
Figure 13. Throughput comparison under different power allocation schemes
图 14 不同功率分配方案下平均等待时延比较
Figure 14. Average waiting delay comparison under different power allocation schemes
图 15 不同功率分配方案下请求满足率比较
Figure 15. Request satisfied ratio comparison under different power allocation schemes
图 16 不同功率分配方案下平均使用功率比较
Figure 16. Average power used under different when power allocation schemes
表 1 主要仿真参数
Table 1. Main simulation parameters
参数 数值 地球半径/km
间隔半径${r_{{\text{keep}}}}$/km
可用带宽$B$/MHz
噪声功率谱密度${N_0}$ /（dBm·Hz−1）
波长$\lambda $ /m
卫星高度$h$ /km
功率衰减$\alpha $
接收机天线增益${G_{\text{r}}}$ /dB
天线效率$\eta $
用户数目
卫星数目
总功率${P_{\text{total}}}$/W
波束最小功率${P_{\min }}$/W
波束最小功率${P_{\max }}$/W
时隙长度${t_{{\text{slot}}}}$ /ms
请求的生存周期${T_{{\text{ttl}}}}$
流量请求取值范围/(Mb·s−1)
卫星覆盖范围/km
波束最大半径$ {r_{\max }} $ /km
波束最小半径${r_{\min }}$ /km
跳波束周期${T_{\text{s}}}$ /ms6371
150
200
−174
0.0151000
1
21.8
0.65
300
2
100
10
50
10
8
[2, 15]
500
75
402560 
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