一种新型登机门开启限速装置的设计

智文静; 李建刚; 张晨; 刘冬平; 杜秀军

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0714

一种新型登机门开启限速装置的设计

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0714

航空工业集团庆安集团有限公司航空设备研究所，西安 710077

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：zhiwj001@avic.com

中图分类号: V221⁺.3；TB553
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-13
- 录用日期: 2022-09-02
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-14
- 整期出版日期: 2024-05-29

Design of a new opening and speed limiting mechanism of passenger door

Aviation Equipment Institute，AVIC Qing’ an Group Co.Ltd.，Xi’an 710077，China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：zhiwj001@avic.com

摘要

摘要:
登机门是民用飞机舱门中的一个重要部件，其直接影响民用客机结构、功能的完整性和安全性。根据项目研制的需要，针对MA600飞机登机门无阻尼式自由下落导致登机门转轴及舱门损坏的问题进行原因分析，设计了一种限制登机门下落速度的新型开启限速装置。在CATIA中建立了包括登机门、登机梯、开启限速装置在内的虚拟样机模型，在MSC/ADAMS中对安装和未安装开启限速装置的登机门自由坠落进行动力学仿真分析，分析了产品不同设计参数对登机门自由坠落时间的影响，确定出了最优的结构参数，仿真结果表明：所设计的限速装置能够将登机门的坠落时间限制在6 s，有效减少登机门坠落对门体结构冲击，为后续的样件产出和试验提供理论依据。
- 登机门 /
- 开启限速装置 /
- ADAMS /
- 动力学仿真 /
- 超速保护
Abstract:
The passenger door is an important part of the cabin door mechanism of civil aircraft, which directly affects the integrity and safety of the aircraft structure and function. A new opening and limiting device was created to control the falling speed of the passenger door after the causes of the damage to the rotating shaft of the door during the undamped free fall of the MA600 aircraft were investigated in accordance with the needs of the engineering project development. In CATIA, the open speed limiter, passenger door and boarding ladder, and virtual prototype model of the MSC/ADAMS are installed to analyze the dynamics of free falling gate opening speed limiter analysis. The simulation results demonstrate that the designed speed-limiting mechanism can limit the falling time of the gate to 6 s, effectively reduce the impact of the gate falling on the gate structure, and provide a theoretical basis for the sample output and test.
- passenger door /
- opening and speed limiting mechanism /
- ADAMS /
- simulation of dynamics /
- overspeed protection

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图 1 MA600飞机登机门的结构组成

Figure 1. MA600 aircraft the structure components of the passenger door

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 开启限速装置的工作原理

Figure 2. Schematic of the opening and speed limiting working mechanism

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图 3 开启限速装置及登机门虚拟样机模型

Figure 3. Opening and speed limiting mechanism and passenger door virtual prototype model

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图 4 离心块的受力示意图

Figure 4. Force diagram of centrifugal block

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图 5 不同质量离心块作用下的登机门下落时间

Figure 5. Falling time of the boarding gate under the action of centrifugal block with different mass

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图 6 登机门翻转角度与开启连杆翻转速度曲线

Figure 6. Door rotation angle and rod rotation speed curves

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图 7 不同质量离心块作用下的登机门转速曲线

Figure 7. Door rotation speed curves of the boarding gate under the action of centrifugal block with different mass

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图 8 不同传动比下的登机门下落时间

Figure 8. Drop-off time curves under different transmission ratios

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图 9 不同传动比下登机门翻转角度与开启连杆转速曲线

Figure 9. Door rotation angle and rod rotation speed curves under different transmission ratios

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图 10 不同传动比下的登机门转速曲线

Figure 10. Door rotation speed curves under different transmission ratios

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图 11 有/无开启限速装置时登机门正常开启时间

Figure 11. Normal gate opening time curves with/without the opening and limiting mechanism

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图 12 有/无开启限速装置时登机门正常开启时连杆转速

Figure 12. Rod rotation speed at normal door curves with/without the opening and speed limiting mechanism

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图 13 登机门正常关闭时的翻转角度

Figure 13. Normally closed door rotation angle curves with/without the opening and speed limiting mechanism

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图 14 正常关闭时的翻转角度与开启连杆转速

Figure 14. Door rotation angle and rod rotation speed curves under the normal closure

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图 15 登机门应急开启时的开启时间

Figure 15. Door emergency opening time curves with/without the opening and speed limiting mechanism

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图 16 登机门应急开启时的翻转角度与开启连杆转速

Figure 16. Door rotation angle and rod rotation speed curves under the emergency open

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表 1 登机门和梯子的参数

Table 1. Parameters of passenger door and ladder

登机门和梯子质量/kg	I_xx/（kg·m⁻²）	I_yy/（kg·m⁻²）	I_zz/（kg·m⁻²）
90	7.913×10⁶	2.353×10⁶	9.637×10⁶

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表 2 仿真模型的运动副

Table 2. Motion pair of the simulation model

构件1	构件2	约束关系
机身	登机门	旋转副
登机门	液压作动筒	旋转副
登机门	开启连杆1	旋转副
开启连杆1	开启连杆2	旋转副
开启连杆2	固定座	旋转副
固定座	离心限速器转子	旋转副
离心限速器转子	定心螺栓	刚性连接
定心螺栓	离心块	滑动副
离心块	离心限速器壳体	接触副
离心限速器壳体	离心限速器转子	刚性连接

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表 3 不同质量离心块作用下的登机门仿真结果

Table 3. Simulation results of boarding gate under the action of centrifugal block with different mass

离心块质量/kg	启动时间/s	限速启动角度/(°)	开启连杆转速/((°)·s⁻¹)		翻转时间/s
离心块质量/kg	启动时间/s	限速启动角度/(°)	限速启动时	平均	翻转时间/s
0.083	1.35	10.35	27.35	31.26	5.13
0.1	1.39	12.96	26.60	28.71	5.49
0.15	1.59	11.89	21.90	23.43	6.65
0.2	1.80	11.91	19.02	20.47	7.61
0.23	1.82	10.89	17.80	19.17	8.08

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表 4 不同传动比作用下的登机门仿真结果

Table 4. Simulation results of different transmission ratios

传动比	启动时间/s	启动角度/(°)	开启连杆转速/((°)·s⁻¹)		翻转时间/s
传动比	启动时间/s	启动角度/(°)	限速启动时	平均	翻转时间/s
523	1.42	11.44	25.51	24.65	5.87
456	1.35	10.35	27.35	31.26	5.13
407	1.22	12.66	31.31	35.45	4.53
349	1.18	12.85	36.28	42.51	3.95

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表 5 优化后登机门开启限速装置的设计参数

Table 5. Optimized design parameters of opening and speed limiting mechanism for rear gate opening

摩擦系数	离心块质量/kg	传动比	开启时间/s
0.17	0.23	456	5.01

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表 6 登机门开启限速装置优化参数及优化结果

Table 6. Optimized parameters and results of opening and speed limiting mechanism for boarding door opening

工作状态	启动时间/s	限速启动角度/(°)	开启连杆转速/((°)·s⁻¹)		翻转时间/s
工作状态	启动时间/s	限速启动角度/(°)	限速启动时	平均	翻转时间/s
正常	打开	10	0.32	10.6	0.32
正常	关闭	8	1.13	9.24	0.44
应急	打开	7	0.51	8.49	0.44
故障	打开			5.49	0.53

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表 7 优选后设计参数

Table 7. Optimized design parameters

摩擦系数	离心块质量/kg	传动比
0.17	0.23	456

下载: 导出CSV

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