自动驾驶水平对驾驶行为稳定时间的影响分析

翟俊达; 鲁光泉; 陈发城

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0863

自动驾驶水平对驾驶行为稳定时间的影响分析

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0863

1.
北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院，北京 100191
2.
中国人民公安大学交通管理学院，北京 100038

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52131204)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：lugq@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: U491
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-30
- 录用日期: 2022-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-16
- 整期出版日期: 2024-11-30

Effect analysis of automation levels on stabilization time of driving behaviors

1.
School of Transportation Science and Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
School of Traffic Management，People’s Public Security University of China，Beijing 100038，China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (52131204)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：lugq@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
紧急事件发生后，不同自动驾驶水平下驾驶人的状态恢复对交通安全有重要影响。为研究自动驾驶水平对紧急事件后驾驶人工作负荷和驾驶绩效稳定时间的影响，提出了基于样本均值置信区间的信号稳定时间计算方法，设计并开展了手动驾驶(MD)、自适应巡航控制(ACC)和高级自动驾驶(HAD)3个自动驾驶水平与前车制动、前车换道2种紧急事件的模拟驾驶试验。试验有效被试者为53人，结果表明，相比于MD，HAD条件下2种紧急事件的心率稳定时间平均增加了4.56 s。自动驾驶水平对前车制动紧急事件后车辆速度、合成加速度和车道位置标准差稳定时间的影响均不显著，相比于MD，ACC和HAD条件下，前车换道紧急事件后驾驶绩效的稳定时间平均分别增加了3.2 s和5 s。研究成果对自动驾驶控制权切换模式和切换时刻的设计提供了理论依据。
- 智能交通 /
- 驾驶行为 /
- 驾驶模拟器 /
- 自动驾驶水平 /
- 稳定时间
Abstract:
Despite an absence of pertinent studies, the stabilization of drivers’ states following crucial incidents at varied automation degrees has a significant impact on traffic safety. In order to investigate the effects of automation levels on the stabilization time of drivers’ workload and driving performance, a method for acquiring signal stabilization time was proposed based on the confidence interval of sample mean value. A driving simulation was carried out that featured two crucial events (lead vehicle deceleration and lead vehicle lane changing) and three automation levels manual driving (MD), adaptive cruise control (ACC), and highly automated (HAD) driving. The effective data was collected from 53 participants. The results showed that compared to MD, heart rate stabilization time after the two critical events significantly increased 4.56 s. Moreover, automation levels did not show significant differences in speed, resultant acceleration and standard deviation of lane position of the vehicle after the lead vehicle deceleration. Following the lead vehicle’s lane changing event, the driving performance stabilization time increased by an average of 3.2 s and 5 s in the ACC and HAD conditions when compared to MD. The results provide a theoretical basis for the design of mode and time during the control transition of automated driving.
- intelligent transportation /
- driving behavior /
- driving simulator /
- automation levels /
- stabilization time

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图 1 驾驶模拟器

Figure 1. Driving simulator

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图 2 心率稳定时间

Figure 2. Stabilization time of heart rate

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图 3 车辆速度稳定时间

Figure 3. Vehicle speed stabilization time

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图 4 车辆合成加速度稳定时间

Figure 4. Vehicle resultant acceleration stabilization time

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图 5 车道位置标准差稳定时间

Figure 5. Lane position standard deviation stabilization time

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表 1 被试者工作负荷稳定时间结果

Table 1. Participants’ workload stabilization time results

自动驾驶水平	前车制动后心率稳定时间/s	前车换道后心率稳定时间/s
MD	14.56±4.41	15.38±5.846
ACC	16.62±6.14	15.94±6.762
HAD	18.75±6.41	20.31±6.839

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表 2 被试者驾驶绩效稳定时间结果

Table 2. Participants’ driving performance stabilization time results

自动驾驶水平	前车制动后车辆速度稳定时间/s	前车换道后车辆速度稳定时间/s	前车制动后合成加速度稳定时间/s	前车换道后合成加速度稳定时间/s	前车制动后车道位置标准差
MD	15	13	19	15	16
ACC	16	19	21	20	18
HAD	20	20	18	25	20

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