TBO模式下基于复杂网络的空中交通复杂性分析

彭娅婷; 温祥西; 吴明功; 杨志伟; 王楠

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2023.0231

TBO模式下基于复杂网络的空中交通复杂性分析

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2023.0231

彭娅婷^{1, 2},
温祥西^{1, 2},
吴明功^{1, 2, ,},
杨志伟³,
王楠³

1.
空军工程大学空管领航学院，西安 710051
2.
国家空管防相撞技术重点实验室，西安 710051
3.
中国人民解放军 93160部队，北京 100800

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(71801221)；国家社会科学基金(22XGL001)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：wuminggong@sohu.com

中图分类号: V355
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-08
- 录用日期: 2023-06-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-25
- 整期出版日期: 2025-04-30

Complex network-based air traffic complexity analysis in TBO

PENG Yating^{1, 2},
WEN Xiangxi^{1, 2},
WU Minggong^{1, 2
, ,},
YANG Zhiwei³,
WANG Nan³

1.
Air Traffic Control and Navigation College，Air Force Engineering University，Xi’an 710051，China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Collision Prevention，Xi’an 710051，China
3.
Unit 93160 of the People’s Liberation Army of China，Beijing 100800，China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (71801221); National Social Science Fund of China (22XGL001)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：wuminggong@sohu.com

摘要

摘要:
由于依据统一间隔标准构建的复杂网络未考虑机型运行的差异性，不能满足基于航迹运行(TBO)下空中交通复杂性分析的精细化要求。为解决该问题，提出一种基于复杂网络区分不同机型的空中交通复杂性分析模型。建立不同机型侧向飞行安全间隔模型，构建航空器精准保护区，优化飞行冲突网络中航空器连边的判定依据。飞行冲突判断在考虑航空器航向和速度等信息的基础上，关注航空器的不同性能与状态，使飞行冲突网络能够更加贴近TBO的运行模式。通过实验仿真TBO运行环境，同时利用厦门高崎国际机场雷达数据进行验证。结果表明：所提模型较改进前的飞行冲突网络，能够精细化航空器间的水平安全间隔标准，降低空域的复杂度，减轻管制员工作负荷，提高空域的运行效率，为航空器自主选择最优化航迹提供更大的空间。
- 飞行冲突 /
- 复杂网络 /
- 基于航迹运行 /
- 水平间隔标准 /
- 保护区模型
Abstract:
Since the complex network constructed based on the unified spacing standard does not take into account the differences in aircraft type operation, it cannot meet the refined requirements of air traffic complexity analysis under trajectory based operation (TBO). A complex network-based air traffic complexity analysis model is suggested as a solution to this issue in order to differentiate between various aircraft types. In order to create an aircraft precision protection zone and optimize the foundation for identifying the aircraft related edges in the flight conflict network, a lateral flight safety interval calculation model is first developed for various aircraft types. Based on the information on aircraft heading and speed, the flight conflict judgment focuses on different performances and status of aircraft, so that the flight conflict network can be closer to the operation mode of TBO. The findings demonstrate that the model can improve the operational efficiency of the airspace, decrease the complexity of the airspace, lessen the workload of controllers, improve the horizontal separation criteria between aircraft, and give aircraft more freedom to select the best course on their own than the previous flight conflict network.
- flight conflicts /
- complex networks /
- trajectory based operations /
- horizontal separation criteria /
- protected area model

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图 1 航空器运动过程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the aircraft movement process

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图 2 三维速度障碍冲突探测模型

Figure 2. Three-dimensional speed barrier conflict detection model

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图 3 侧向碰撞风险随初始飞行方向夹角变化

Figure 3. Variation of lateral collision risk with initial flight direction angle

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图 4 蒙特卡罗仿真

Figure 4. Monte Carlo simulation

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图 5 网络性能对比

Figure 5. Network performance comparison

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图 6 网络连边下降率分布

Figure 6. Distribution of network connected edge decline rate

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图 7 网络节点度值分布的对比

Figure 7. Comparison of the distribution of degree values of network nodes

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图 8 网络节点点强分布的对比

Figure 8. Comparison of point strength distribution of network nodes

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图 9 网络整体特性指标对比分析

Figure 9. Comparative analysis of overall network characteristics indicators

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图 10 不同时刻空中运行态势

Figure 10. Airborne operation situation at different moments

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表 1 最低安全间隔计算模型所需参数值

Table 1. Required parameter values for the minimum safety interval calculation model

航空器	${\lambda _x}$ /m	${\lambda _y}$ /m	${\lambda _{\textit{z}}}$ /m	$v$ /(m·s⁻¹)	$\beta$ /(°)	${\sigma _{{\mathrm{cns}}}}$	${\sigma _{\rm{w}}}$	${\mu _{\rm{w}}}$	${N_{\mathrm{p}}}$
A380	72.8	79.8	24.1	251	20	64.5	10.8	60.3	16
B737-800	39.5	35.8	12.5	230	20	64.5	11.5	60.3	16

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表 2 6个等级航空器间侧向安全间隔标准

Table 2. Standards for lateral safety interval between six classes of aircraft

航空器等级	侧向安全间隔/m
航空器等级	A	B	C	D	E	F
A	2582	3779	3841	3873	3930	4028
B	3779	4836	5229	5445	5580	5643
C	3841	5229	5589	5790	5832	6186
D	3873	5445	5790	5870	5995	6223
E	3930	5580	5832	5995	6103	6252
F	4028	5643	6186	6223	6252	6365

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表 3 不同机型组的最小安全间隔

Table 3. Minimum safety distance for different model groups

航空器机型	最小水平安全间隔/m
航空器机型	A380	B737-800	A320	Cessna172	DA40
A380	6365	6227	6222	4209	4361
B737-800	6227	6025	6017	3884	4032
A320	6222	6017	6006	6161	3875
Cessna172	4209	3884	3875	1571	1713
DA40	4361	4032	4024	1713	1856

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表 4 不同时刻的网络指标值

Table 4. Values of network indicators at different moments

时刻	集聚系数		平均路径长度		网络效率
时刻	长轴10 km保护区下的飞行冲突网络	精准保护区下的飞行冲突网络	长轴10 km保护区下的飞行冲突网络	精准保护区下的飞行冲突网络	长轴10 km保护区下的飞行冲突网络	精准保护区下的飞行冲突网络
12:10	0.4378	0.2686	0.7814	0.2578	1.6449	0.1957
12:20	0.4474	0.2793	0.6832	0.2279	1.7390	0.2189
12:30	0.4665	0.2969	0.5558	0.2360	1.3204	0.2286
12:40	0.4088	0.2329	0.6518	0.1788	1.4386	0.2310

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