Numerical study on heat transfer of supercritical RP-3 aviation kerosene in twisted spiral tubes
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摘要:
面向空-油换热器的通道结构改进问题，进行扭曲螺旋管中超临界RP-3航空煤油换热数值研究，着重探究煤油压力、螺旋节距和花瓣数目对换热的影响。讨论管壁温度和换热系数沿流动方向的变化情况，通过通道截面温度、主流流速、二次流流速和湍动能云图揭示壁温的周向分布特征和机制。基于旋流强度和二次流强度的轴向演变考察了旋流对换热的影响。与圆管比较，通过综合评价因子（PEC）表征扭曲螺旋管的增强换热效果。建立三瓣、四瓣、五瓣通道的换热关联式。结果表明：管壁温度达到拟临界温度后观察到高传热热阻类气膜引起的传热恶化问题，花瓣内出现2个非对称的壁温波形；提高煤油压力、增大螺旋节距、减少花瓣数目均使旋流效应减弱；PEC处于1.05～1.65的范围，煤油压力越高、螺旋节距越小、花瓣数目越少，越有利于提升扭曲螺旋管的综合换热作用。
Abstract:To enhance the channel structure of air-fuel heat exchangers, numerical studies of the heat transfer of supercritical RP-3 aviation kerosene in twisted spiral tubes were carried out. The study focused on examining the impact of petal number, spiral pitch, and kerosene pressure on heat transmission. The circumferential distribution characteristic and mechanism of wall temperature were revealed through the distributions of channel-section temperature, bulk flow velocity, secondary flow velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy. Axial evolutions of swirl intensity and secondary flow intensity were used to investigate the swirl flow effect on heat transfer. Compared with circular tubes, the enhanced heat transfer effect of twisted spiral tubes was characterized by the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient performance evaluation criteria(PEC). The heat transfer correlations for twisted spiral tubes with three, four, and five lobes were proposed. The findings demonstrated that two asymmetric wall temperature waveforms emerge within the petals when the wall temperature approaches the pseudo-critical temperature, indicating heat transfer deterioration brought on by the gas-like coating with significant heat transfer resistance. Increasing kerosene pressure, increasing spiral pitch, and reducing the petal number all weaken the swirl flow effect. The PEC ranges from 1.05 to 1.65, and the higher the kerosene pressure, the smaller the spiral pitch, and the fewer petals, the more favorable it is to enhance the comprehensive heat transfer effect of twisted spiral tubes.
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Key words:
- twisted spiral tube /
- supercritical kerosene /
- heat transfer deterioration /
- swirl flow /
- secondary flow
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图 5 压力对管壁温度、主流温度、换热系数沿流动方向变化的影响
Figure 5. Effect of pressure on wall temperature, bulk fluid temperature, and heat transfer coefficient variations along flow direction
图 6 不同压力下壁温的周向分布情况
Figure 6. Circumferential distribution of wall temperature at different pressures
图 7 不同压力下温度、主流速度、二次流速度、湍动能的分布情况
Figure 7. Temperature, bulk flow velocity, secondary flow velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy distributions at different pressures
图 8 不同压力下二次流强度和旋流强度沿流动方向的变化情况
Figure 8. Secondary flow intensity and swirl intensity variations along flow direction at different pressures
图 9 不同压力下PEC沿流动方向的变化情况
Figure 9. PEC variation along the flow direction at different pressures
图 10 螺旋节距对管壁温度、主流温度、换热系数沿流动方向变化的影响
Figure 10. Effect of helical pitch on wall temperature, bulk fluid temperature, and heat transfer coefficient variations along flow direction
图 11 不同螺旋节距下壁温的周向分布情况
Figure 11. Circumferential distribution of wall temperature at different helical pitches
图 12 不同螺旋节距下温度、速度、二次流速度、湍动能分布情况
Figure 12. Temperature, bulk flow velocity, secondary flow velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy distributions at different helical pitches
图 13 不同螺旋节距下二次流强度和旋流强度沿流动方向的变化情况
Figure 13. Secondary flow intensity and swirl intensity variations along flow direction at different helical pitches
图 14 不同螺旋节距下PEC沿流动方向的变化情况
Figure 14. PEC variation along flow direction at different helical pitches
图 15 花瓣数目对管壁温度、主流温度、换热系数沿流动方向变化的影响
Figure 15. Effect of petal numbers on variation of wall temperature, bulk fluid temperature, and heat transfer coefficient along flow direction
图 16 不同花瓣数目下壁温的周向分布情况
Figure 16. Circumferential distribution of wall temperature at different petal numbers
图 17 不同花瓣数目下温度、主流速度、二次流速度、湍动能分布情况
Figure 17. Temperature, bulk flow velocity, secondary flow velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy distributions at different petal numbers
图 18 不同花瓣数目下二次流强度和旋流强度沿流动方向的变化情况
Figure 18. Secondary flow intensity and swirl intensity variations along flow direction at different petal numbers
图 19 不同花瓣数目下PEC沿流动方向的变化情况
Figure 19. PEC variation along flow direction at different petal numbers
表 1 压力为3 MPa时分段线性拟合的热物性
Table 1. Thermophysical properties of a piecewise linear fitting at a pressure of 3 MPa
ρ/（kg·m−3） cp/（kJ·kg−1·K−1） λ/（W·m−1·K−1） μ/10−4（Pa·s） −1.03T+300.22(T∈[295,515] K) 0.0047 T−1.37(T∈[295,361] K)− 0.00018 T+0.054(T∈[295,409] K)−0.072T+21.32(T∈[295,324] K) −1.4T+720.89(T∈[515,619] K) 0.0098 T−3.55(T∈[361,627] K)−0.00022 T+0.092(T∈[409,659] K)−0.049T+15.9(T∈[324,350] K) −3T+ 1859.52 (T∈[619,650] K)0.051T−32.06(T∈[627,651] K) −0.000095 T+0.063(T∈[659,680] K)−0.031T+10.69(T∈[350,389] K) −5.08T+ 3302.32 (T∈[650,681] K)0.23T−148.43(T∈[651,672] K) −0.0013 T+0.88(T∈[680,721] K)−0.018T+6.99(T∈[389,428] K) −2.3T+ 1569.14 (T∈[681,709] K)−0.18T+123.6(T∈[672,690] K) 0.000088 T−0.063(T∈[721,814] K)−0.01T+4.44(T∈[428,500] K) −0.99T+702.92(T∈[709,754] K) −0.066T+45.37(T∈[690,712] K) 0.00011 T−0.087(T∈[814,950] K)−0.0062 T+3.12(T∈[500,646] K)−0.31T+233.59(T∈[754,799] K) −0.01T+7.4(T∈[712,751] K) 0.000092 T−0.06(T∈[646,950] K)−0.082T+65.95(T∈[799,950] K) 0.0078 T−5.87(T∈[751,821] K)0.0059 T−4.88(T∈[821,950] K)
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表 2 网格无关性分析
Table 2. Mesh independence analysis
花瓣数 网格数量 Tout/K uout/(m·s−1) 3 2.10×106 751.23 13.55 3 3.25×106 754.62 14.23 3 4.10×106 754.59 14.35 4 2.25×106 775.24 12.45 4 3.30×106 778.65 13.73 4 4.20×106 778.89 13.54 5 2.40×106 793.07 11.51 5 3.45×106 795.17 12.93 5 4.65×106 794.96 12.24
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