地基cGNSS-R双天线干涉测高试验研究

洪学宝; 李杰; 邢进; 杨鹏瑜; 杨东凯

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2023.0742

地基cGNSS-R双天线干涉测高试验研究

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2023.0742

1.
北京航空航天大学前沿科学技术创新研究院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院，北京 100191

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3904402)；上海航天科技创新基金(SAST2020-075)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：edkyang@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V19；TP79
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-12
- 录用日期: 2024-04-26
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-11
- 整期出版日期: 2026-01-31

Experimental study on interferometric altimetry using a ground-based dual-antenna cGNSS-R

1.
Research Institute for Frontier Science，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
School of Electronic and Information Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

Funds:

National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3904402); Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund(SAST2020-075)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：edkyang@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
地基场景下，传统全球导航卫星系统反射计（cGNSS-R）的直射、反射天线会接收到持续的反射、直射多径，对载波相位测高应用极为不利，但也为双天线干涉测高提供了可能。针对地基cGNSS-R双天线干涉测高的可行性问题，开展了水面测高试验研究。采集上视右旋圆极化（RHCP）天线和下视左旋圆极化（LHCP）天线接收的全球定位系统（GPS）L1 C/A信号数据，处理得到两天线实际接收信号的相关功率序列，利用干涉测高方法处理该序列实现了天线高度反演。结果显示：RHCP天线和LHCP天线干涉测高结果与实测天线高度的相关系数分别为0.77和0.95，测高结果平均绝对误差分别为0.15 m和0.04 m，均方根误差分别为0.17 m和0.04 m。试验证明了传统全球卫星导航系统反射计的RHCP天线和LHCP天线均具备干涉测高能力，且LHCP天线干涉测高在有限开阔场景下的性能更优。
- 全球定位系统 /
- 反射计 /
- 干涉测量 /
- 水面高度 /
- 测高
Abstract:
The direct and reflected signals can be concurrently received by both antennas of a conventional global navigation satellite system reflectometer (cGNSS-R) in ground-based settings. It is unfavorable for cGNSS-R carrier phase altimetry, but it also provides cGNSS-R the possibility of retrieving reflector height in the way of interferometric reflectometry. An initial ground-based water surface experiment was carried out to investigate the feasibility of cGNSS-R interferometric altimetry. GPS L1 C/A signals were received by an up-looking right hand circularly polarized (RHCP) antenna and a down-looking left hand circularly polarized (LHCP) antenna and then collected by a dual-channel sampler. The raw signals were postprocessed to generate their correlation power sequences. These sequences were then subjected to the GNSS interferometric reflectometry altimetry technique in order to estimate the LHCP antenna heights. Experimental results show that the correlation coefficients between the retrieved values and the true values are 0.77 and 0.95 for the RHCP antenna and the LHCP antenna, respectively. The mean absolute errors of the results are 0.15 m and 0.04 m, and the root mean square errors are 0.17 m and 0.04 m. It indicates that both the RHCP antenna and the LHCP antenna of a conventional GNSS reflectometer can be used for ground-based interferometric altimetry, and the LHCP antenna performs better in this openness-limited scenario.
- global positioning system /
- reflectometer /
- interferometry /
- water level /
- altimetry

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图 1 试验场地及设备安装情况

Figure 1. Experimental site and instrument installation

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图 2 原始数据处理框图

Figure 2. Block diagram of raw data processing

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图 3 镜面反射点轨迹与相关功率序列

Figure 3. Specular points and correlation power waveforms

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图 4 LHCP天线高度反演

Figure 4. Retrieved LHCP antenna heights

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图 5 相关功率分段谱分析

Figure 5. Power spectrum of segmented correlation power

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表 1 信号采集系统技术参数

Table 1. Specifications of the signal acquisition system

增益/dBi		半功率波束宽度/(°)		GNSS信号采集器中频频率/MHz	GNSS信号采集器采样频率/MHz	GNSS信号采集器量化位数/bit
RHCP天线	LHCP天线	RHCP天线	LHCP天线	GNSS信号采集器中频频率/MHz	GNSS信号采集器采样频率/MHz	GNSS信号采集器量化位数/bit
5	13	75	43	3.996	16.369	2

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表 2 试验采集的数据及对应天线高度

Table 2. Raw data and antenna heights collected during the experiment

数据块编号	采集时间	LHCP天线高度/m
1	2023-07-05 15:24—17:42	≈3.18
2	2023-07-06 12:13—14:58	≈3.03
3	2023-07-06 15:31—18:16	≈2.83

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表 3 干涉测高性能

Table 3. Performance of interferometric altimetry

天线	相关系数	MAE/m	RMSE/m
RHCP	0.77	0.15	0.17
LHCP	0.95	0.04	0.04

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