Aerodynamic characteristics of supersonic mid-gore reefing disk-gap-band parachute under different reefing ratios
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摘要:
火星着陆探测器的质量提升要求降落伞增大面积以保障稳降性能，同时，需控制开伞力以避免探测器结构负担过大质量。超声速盘缝带伞盘收口技术可同时满足上述2点需求。基于此，以火星环境为背景，采用流固耦合仿真分析，得到收口比与阻力系数比、投影面积比、收口绳载荷的函数关系；采用计算流体力学仿真分析方法，研究盘缝带伞的稳定性特征。研究表明，超声速盘收口盘缝带伞能够实现阻力性能的受控变化，提供满足工程应用的稳定性能。研究结果可为超声速盘收口盘缝带伞的工程设计提供参考。
Abstract:The increasing the mass of Mars landing probes requires enlarging the parachute area to ensure stable deceleration performance while controlling the parachute opening force to avoid excessive structural weight penalties on the probe. One of the effective ways to meet the above needs is the reefing disk-gap-band parachute. In this article, the functional link between the reefing ratio and the resistance coefficient ratio, projection area ratio, and reefing rope load is obtained using fluid-structure coupling simulation analysis based on the Mars environment. The stability characteristics of the reefing disk-gap-band parachute were studied by computational fluid dynamics simulation. The research of this paper shows that the disk-gap-band parachute can achieve the controlled change of resistance performance, and can provide stable performance to meet the engineering application.
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Key words:
- disk-gap-band parachute /
- reefing technology /
- mid-gore reefing /
- drag characteristics /
- stability
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图 6 盘收口盘缝带伞平均气动外形
Figure 6. Average aerodynamic shape of mid-gore reefing disk-gap-band parachute
图 7 盘收口盘缝带伞外形对比
Figure 7. Shape comparison of mid-gore reefing disk-gap-band parachute
图 10 阻力系数比与收口比的关系
Figure 10. Relation between drag coefficients ratio and reefing ratio
图 15 轴向力系数与攻角的关系
Figure 15. Relation between axial force coefficient and angle of attack
图 17 力矩系数导数与攻角的关系
Figure 17. Relation between the derivative of the moment coefficient and the angle of attack
名义
直径/m顶孔
直径/m盘高/m 缝高/m 带高/m 单幅
带宽/m伞绳
长度/m0.813 0.057 0.296 0.034 0.098 0.077 1.328 
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表 2 研究算例
Table 2. Research examples
马赫数 收口比/% 1.8 10，15，25，30，35，40 2.2 10，15，25，30，35，40 2.6 10，15，25，30，35，40
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表 3 材料属性
Table 3. Material property
结构名称 密度/(kg·m−3) 弹性模量/Pa 泊松比 伞衣 538 4.3×108 0.14 纬向加强带 1194 1.5×1010 伞绳 468 1.5×1010 收口绳 800 5×109
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表 4 仿真使用来流条件
Table 4. Freestream condition for simulation
马赫数 来流速度/(m·s−1) 静压/Pa 密度/(kg·m−3) 温度/K 1.8 429.13 330.56 0.00744 231.28 2.2 524.50 330.56 0.00744 231.28 2.6 619.85 330.56 0.00744 231.28
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表 5 阻力系数对比
Table 5. Comparison of drag coefficients
马赫数 阻力系数 误差/% 试验结果 数值模拟结果 2.0 0.21344 0.19464 8.81 2.5 0.21484 0.19662 8.48
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