大功率双储液器环路热管运行特性的实验研究

秦海洋; 付静伟; 张如意; 王荔; 柏立战

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0397

大功率双储液器环路热管运行特性的实验研究

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0397

1.
新乡航空工业（集团）有限公司，新乡 453003
2.
中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所，成都 610036
3.
北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院，北京 100191

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(51776012)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：bailizhan@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB657.5；V228.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-05
- 录用日期: 2024-09-27
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-08
- 整期出版日期: 2026-07-31

Experimental study on operating characteristics of a high capacity dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe

1.
Xinxiang Aviation Industry （Group） Co.，Ltd.，Xinxiang 453003，China
2.
The 29th Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation，Chengdu 610036，China
3.
School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (51776012)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：bailizhan@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
先进战斗机机载电子设备向着高功率、高集成度及微型化方向发展，发热量和热流密度持续增大，对机载高效热管理提出严峻挑战。基于此，设计开发一种大功率双储液器环路热管（LHP），以氨作为工质，传输距离为2.30 m，并对其开展全面系统的实验研究，重点考察其启动特性、传热能力及热阻变化。实验结果表明：该双储液器环路热管能够在蒸发器处于不同姿态（水平姿态、有利姿态和不利姿态）下成功启动并平稳运行，达到热载荷为900 W以上的传热能力。该双储液器环路热管系统热阻随蒸发器热载荷的增大先快速减小后逐渐增大，系统热阻最小值约为0.063 ℃/W。研究结果为未来机载高效热管理提供了一种新型技术手段和可行的解决方案。
- 环路热管 /
- 机载热管理 /
- 启动 /
- 传热能力 /
- 热阻
Abstract:
The advanced fighter aircraft's onboard electronic equipment is developing towards high power, high integration, and miniaturization, which results in a continuous increase in heat generation and heat flux and poses a serious challenge to airborne thermal management. With a transport distance of 2.30 meters and ammonia as the working fluid, a high-power dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe（LHP） was created in response to the aforementioned specifications. A comprehensive and systematic experimental study on the dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe was conducted, mainly focusing on its startup characteristics, heat transfer capacity, and thermal resistance change. With a heat transfer capacity of over 900 W, the testing findings demonstrate that the dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe can successfully accomplish startup and run smoothly under a variety of evaporator attitudes, including horizontal, favorable, and unfavorable attitudes. The system thermal resistance of the dual compensation chamber loop heat pipe first rapidly decreases and then gradually increases with the increase of the heat load, and the minimum value is about 0.063 ℃/W. This work provides a new technological means and a feasible solution for efficient thermal management of future airborne systems.
- loop heat pipe /
- airborne thermal management /
- startup /
- heat transfer capacity /
- thermal resistance

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图 1 DCCLHP结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of DCCLHP

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图 2 DCCLHP实物

Figure 2. Physical of DCCLHP

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图 3 液冷冷凝器示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of liquid cooled condenser

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图 4 实验系统及测温点布置示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of experimental system and temperature measurement points layout

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图 5 DCCLHP蒸发器3种典型姿态

Figure 5. Three typical orientations of DCCLHP evaporator

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图 6 热载荷为10 W启动过程

Figure 6. Startup process at heat load of 10 W

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图 7 热载荷为20 W启动过程

Figure 7. Startup process at heat load of 20 W

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图 8 蒸发器不利姿态下，热载荷为150 W启动过程

Figure 8. Startup process at heat load of 150 W with evaporator at unfavorable attitude

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图 9 蒸发器有利姿态下，热载荷为250 W启动过程

Figure 9. Startup process at heat load of 250 W with evaporator at favorable attitude

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图 10 水平姿态功率递增实验

Figure 10. Power increase experiment under horizontal attitude

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图 11 蒸发器不利姿态θ为−30°下功率递增实验

Figure 11. Power increase experiment under unfavorable evaporator attitude at θ of −30°

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图 12 蒸发器有利姿态θ为30°下功率递增实验

Figure 12. Power increase experiment under favorable evaporator attitude at θ of 30°

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图 13 功率递增过程DCCLHP的系统热阻

Figure 13. System thermal resistance of DCCLHP in power increasing process

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表 1 DCCLHP的结构参数

Table 1. Structure parameters of DCCLHP

参数	数值
蒸发器外径，内径，长度/mm	25，23，190
储液器外径，内径，长度/mm	40，38，45
毛细芯常温毛细压力/kPa	>70
毛细芯外径，内径，长度/mm	23，12，170
毛细芯最大毛细半径/μm	0.55
毛细芯孔隙率/%	55
毛细芯渗透率/m²	2×10⁻¹⁴
蒸汽管线外径，内径，长度/mm	4，3，2300
冷凝管线截面长度，宽度，流道长度/mm	3，1，300
液体管线外径，内径，长度/mm	3，2，2400
工质充装量/g	75

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表 2 不同DCCLHP传热能力比较

Table 2. Comparison of heat transfer capacity of different DCCLHP

DCCLHP	蒸气管线外径，内径，长度/mm	传热能力/W	外径，内径，长度/mm	传热距离× 传热能力/(W·m)
文献[4]	6，4，450	1119	18，16，200	504
文献[16]	3，2，2000	450	18，16，110	900
文献[11]	3，2.6，225	300	20，18，209	67.5
文献[17]	3，2，2500	400	18，16，190	1000
本文	4，3，2300	900	25，23，190	2070

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表 3 实验测量的不确定度

Table 3. Uncertainties of measured and derived quantities

参数	相对不确定度/%
输出电压	1.00
输出电流	1.00
输出功率	1.41
系统热阻	13.92 (水平姿态10 W)
系统热阻	0.91 (水平姿态900 W)

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