Abstract: Artificial neural network technology is getting wider and wider scale application. Following a brief introduction on neural network, its recent applications to optoelectric measurements were described in detail, including online monitoring grain protein based on NIR, structured light based 3D vision inspection, X ray real time detection of welding seam defect, and precision measurements of surface roughness and sphere radius. By summarizing its advantages and limitations in these applications, suggestions and comments were given for further research efforts in this field.