Dynamic performance of three kinds of supply chains based on control theory
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摘要: 基于自动控制理论,以APIOBPCS(Automatic Pipeline, Inventory and Order Based Production Control System)订货系统为基础,采用模拟仿真的方法,考察传统二级供应链(TSC,Traditional two-echelon Supply Chain)、需求信息共享(DIS,Demand Information Sharing)二级供应链和供应商管理库存(VMI,Vendor Managed Inventory)这3种典型二级供应链系统在阶跃需求信息时,不同系统参数对系统订单、在制品量和库存量的影响,并对3种系统的动态响应特性进行了对比研究.研究结果表明:对于阶跃需求信息,生产提前期Tp越小,系统响应峰值越小,响应速度越快;参数Ti,Tw和Ta在不同范围内对系统峰值和调节时间的影响趋势有所不同,需要根据供应链整体目标进行选择.而且一种供应链系统往往不能兼顾系统的响应峰值和调节时间两个特性,应综合考虑响应峰值和调节时间对系统整体绩效的影响,选择适当的管理策略优化供应链系统,以提高供应链的整体运行效率.Abstract: Based on the APIOBPCS (automatic pipeline, inventory and order based production control system), three kinds of two-echelon supply chains were established using the discrete control theory: traditional, demand information sharing and vendor managed inventory two-echelon supply chain. It developed the transfer function models of the systems. On this basis, the dynamic responses of the three systems to stepwise customer demand were analyzed by simulation. As the system parameters change, the performance of the three kinds of supply chains were compared, as well as the fluctuations of the system order, works in process and inventory. Simulation result showed that the smaller Tp was, the better the performance of supply chain was. The impact of Ti,Tw and Ta on peak value were different from the impact on settling time. Any system of three kinds of supply chain was not better than the other twos when peak value and settling time were both taken into account. Management decision-making recommendations were given finally.
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