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微型飞行器的仿生力学 ——蝴蝶飞行的气动力特性

孙茂 黄华

孙茂, 黄华. 微型飞行器的仿生力学 ——蝴蝶飞行的气动力特性[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2006, 32(10): 1146-1151.
引用本文: 孙茂, 黄华. 微型飞行器的仿生力学 ——蝴蝶飞行的气动力特性[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2006, 32(10): 1146-1151.
Sun Mao, Huang Hua. Biomimetic mechanics of micro-air vehicles ——the aerodynamic force of butterfly in forward flight[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006, 32(10): 1146-1151. (in Chinese)
Citation: Sun Mao, Huang Hua. Biomimetic mechanics of micro-air vehicles ——the aerodynamic force of butterfly in forward flight[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006, 32(10): 1146-1151. (in Chinese)

微型飞行器的仿生力学 ——蝴蝶飞行的气动力特性

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(10472008)
详细信息
  • 中图分类号: V 211.3

Biomimetic mechanics of micro-air vehicles ——the aerodynamic force of butterfly in forward flight

  • 摘要: 研究一种蝴蝶(Morpho peleides)前飞时的气动力特性.在运动重叠网格上数值求解Navier-Stokes方程,对蝴蝶前飞时左、右翅膀的拍动运动以及跟随身体一起的俯仰运动进行计算.结果表明:蝴蝶主要用"阻力原理"作拍动飞行,即平衡身体重量的举力和克服身体阻力的推力均主要由翅膀的阻力提供.蝴蝶翅在下拍中产生很大的瞬态阻力(平行于拍动运动的力),对流动结构分析表明,产生此力的机制如下:每次下拍中产生了一个由前缘涡, 翅端涡及起动涡构成的强"涡环",其包含一个沿拍动方向的射流,产生此射流的反作用力即翅膀的阻力.平衡身体重量的举力主要由翅膀下拍中产生的阻力提供.上拍时(由于身体上仰,上拍实际是向后和向上拍动的),翅也产生阻力,但较下拍时小的多.平衡身体阻力的推力主要由翅膀上拍中产生的阻力提供.

     

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2006-06-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2006-10-31

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