SAR图像舰船识别的三维空间逆投影与匹配技术

顾丹丹; 许小剑

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2013.0539

SAR图像舰船识别的三维空间逆投影与匹配技术

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2013.0539

北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院, 北京 100191

详细信息

作者简介:
顾丹丹（1983-），女，河南周口人，博士生，gdd830811@163.com.

中图分类号: TN958
计量
- 文章访问数: 1037
- HTML全文浏览量: 39
- PDF下载量: 572
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-09-23
- 网络出版日期: 2014-08-20

3-D back projection and matching for ship recognition from SAR images

School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, China

摘要

摘要: 提出一种合成孔径雷达（SAR，Synthetic Aperture Radar）图像舰船识别新技术.首先通过将SAR图像逆投影至三维（3-D，Three-Dimensional）目标空间，提取目标空间3-D逆投影散射图（BPSI，Back Projection Scattering Image）来表征观测舰船目标的强散射源三维分布；然后采用物理光学法预测各候选舰船目标的3-D热点散射图（HSPI，Hot Scattering Point Image），进而匹配3-D BPSI与3-D HSPI来识别舰船.为了提高计算效率，采用一种两级分层匹配策略：第1步利用几何特征进行预筛选；少数被选取的候选目标参与第2步的分类判决，同时设计一种便于实现的“模糊”匹配准则，克服了“点对点”准则对计算误差等非理想因素敏感的问题.仿真和实测舰船SAR图像的实验结果，显示了3-D散射特征在目标区分能力和可视化效果方面的优势，证明了该方法的有效性.
- 合成孔径雷达图像 /
- 舰船识别 /
- 三维散射特征 /
- 几何特征 /
- 计算机辅助设计模型
Abstract: A new technique for ship recognition from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images was proposed. First, a method of projecting SAR image back to the three-dimensional (3-D) target space was developed to obtain the 3-D distribution of the observed target scatterers, namely the 3-D back projection scattering image (BPSI). Next, the 3-D hot scattering point images (HSPIs) of candidate ships as the benchmark were predicted via the physical optics (PO) method. To classify the observed ship efficiently, a two-stage matching scheme was applied: the first stage using geometric features implemented a pre-selection to reduce the number of candidate models from the classification library; the resulting models would undergo the subsequent recognition stage, where a fuzzy matching between the 3-D BPSI and 3-D HSPI was carried out easily and also less sensitive to nonideal factors such as calculation errors than point to point matching. Experimental results for simulated and real ship SAR images display the high discrimination and better visual effect of the 3-D scattering feature, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
- synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image /
- ship recognition /
- three dimensional scattering feature /
- geometric feature /
- computer aided design model

HTML全文

参考文献(15)

[1]	Novak L M, Owirka G J,Brower W S,et al.The automatic target recognition system in SAIP[J].Lincoln Laboratory Journal,1997,10(2):187-202
[2]	Ross T D, Bradley J J,Hudson L J,et al.SAR ATR:so what's the problem An MSTAR perspective[C]//Zelnio E G. Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Algorithms Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery IV.Orlando,Florida:SPIE Digital Library,1999,3721:662-672
[3]	Musman S,Kerr D, Bachmann C.Automatic recognition of ISAR ship images[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1996,32(4):1392-1404
[4]	Pastina D, Spina C.Multi-feature based automatic recognition of ship targets in ISAR[J].IET Radar,Sonar & Navigation,2009,3(4):406-423
[5]	Hummel R. Model-based ATR using synthetic aperture radar[C]//IEEE Nat Radar Conf.Alexandria,VA:IEEE,2000: 856- 861
[6]	Rice F, Cooke T,Gibbins D.Model based ISAR ship classification[J].Digit Signal Process,2006,16(5):628-637
[7]	Zhou J X, Shi Z G,Cheng X,et al.Automatic target recognition of SAR images based on global scattering center model[J].IEEE Trans on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2011,49(10): 3713- 3729
[8]	Voicu L I, Patton R,Myler H R.Multi-criterion vehicle pose estimation for SAR ATR[C]//Zelnio E G.Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery VI.Orlando,Florida:SPIE Digital Library,1999,3721:497-506
[9]	Gu D D, Xu X J.Multi-feature extraction of ships in SAR images[C]//Zhen T X.6th Int Congress on Image and Signal Processing.Hangzhou:IEEE,2013,1:454-458
[10]	杜琳琳, 安成锦,陈曾平.一种舰船ISAR图像中心线特征提取新方法[J].电子与信息学报,2010,32(5):1024-1028 Du Linlin,An Chengjin,Chen Zengping.A new algorithm for ship center line extraction in ISAR image[J].Journal of Electronics & Information Technology,2010,32(5):1024-1028(in Chinese)
[11]	黄培康, 殷红成,许小剑.雷达目标特性[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005:24-25 Huang Peikang,Yin Hongcheng,Xu Xiaojian.Radar target signatures[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2005:24-25(in Chinese)
[12]	Bhalla R, Ling H,Moore J,et al.3-D scattering center representation of complex targets using the shooting and bouncing ray technique:a review[J].IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,1998,40(5):30-39
[13]	Xu X J, Wang Y,Qin Y.SAR image modeling of ships over sea surface[C]//Claudia N.Proceedings of SPIE Conference on SAR Image Analysis,Modeling,and Techniques VⅢ.Stockholm:SPIE Digital Library,2006,63630J:1-12
[14]	Diao G J, Xu X J.Squint mode SAR raw data generation for moving ship on the ocean[C]//Claudia N.Proceedings of SPIE Conference on SAR Image Analysis,Modeling,and Techniques XI.Prague:SPIE Digital Library,2011,817914:1-7
[15]	刁桂杰. 海面目标宽带单脉冲雷达回波模拟与成像技术研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大学,2012 Diao Guijie.Study on wideband monopulse radar echo simulation and imagery for targets on sea surface[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012(in Chinese)