Mathematical simulation and evaluation for lateral-directional static stability airworthiness compliance of civil aircraft
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摘要:
针对适航标准对民机横航向静稳定性的要求，提出了一种基于人机闭环数学仿真计算的适航符合性评估方法。根据适航条款的要求提出了量化评估指标，建立了飞机系统模型和驾驶员操纵模型，以实现定常直线侧滑飞行等的特定飞行任务的人机闭环数学仿真，并依据数学仿真结果和评估指标对飞机的横航向静稳定性做出评估。运用此方法完成了某型民机设计方案的适航符合性评估，并较准确地确定了飞机横航向2个静稳定导数的合理取值范围。该方法可应用于民机的概念方案设计，计算结果可为飞行试验提供理论参考。
Abstract:According to the requirements of airworthiness standards for lateral-directional static stability of civil aircraft, an assessment method is proposed based on the pilot-aircraft closed-loop mathematical simulation and calculation. Quantitative assessment criteria are set up considering the requirement of the specific airworthiness clause. Nonlinear aircraft system model and pilot control model are established and synthesized to simulate the specific flight mission such as steady-state linear sideslip flight. An assessment of airworthiness compliance is made by comparing simulation results with the criteria. By using the method, the airworthiness compliance of a civil aircraft is assessed and the reasonable ranges of the two lateral-directional static stability derivatives are accurately determined. This method can be applied to the preliminary design phase of civil aircraft and the calculation results offer theoretical references for flight tests.
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图 2 人机闭环系统结构图
YPV—驾驶员操纵速度模型；YPγ—驾驶员操纵航迹倾角模型；YPθ—驾驶员操纵俯仰角模型；—驾驶员操纵航迹偏角角速率模型；YPϕ—驾驶员操纵滚转角模型；YPδr—驾驶员操纵方向舵模型；θ—俯仰角。
Figure 2. Man-machine closed-loop system structure diagram
图 3 Hosman驾驶员模型
θerr—俯仰角误差；ϕerr—滚转角误差；Hpn—McRuer模型回路；Hpm—驾驶员加速度感受回路；Hec—无时间延迟的McRuer模型；τn—驾驶员信息反应时延；Hnm—驾驶员人体肌肉动作延迟模型；δec—升降舵偏大指令；δac—副翼偏度指令；—滚转角角加速度；—俯仰角角加速度；Hscc—人体内耳前庭器官的半规管模型；km—驾驶员运动感官增益；τm—驾驶员运动神经延迟。
Figure 3. Hosman pilot model
图 5 横航向静稳定性评估仿真结果
Figure 5. Simulation results of lateral-directional static stability evaluation
图 9 副翼饱和的横航向静稳定性评估仿真结果
Figure 9. Simulation results of lateral-directional static stability evaluation with aileron saturation
表 1 驾驶员模型参数取值范围
Table 1. Range of pilot model parameters
驾驶员参数 取值范围 kx [1, 100] Tx (0, 1.0] s τx [0.06, 0.30] s 
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