加速导管和减速导管的性能比较

胡健; 王楠; 胡洋

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0140

加速导管和减速导管的性能比较

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0140

哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院, 哈尔滨 150001

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 11302057

国家自然科学基金 51579052

详细信息

作者简介:
王楠, 男, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向:船舶阻力与推进

胡洋, 男, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向:船舶阻力与推进

通讯作者:
胡健, 男, 博士, 副教授。主要研究方向:船舶阻力与推进, E-mail:hujian791018@163.com

中图分类号: U661.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-02-25
- 录用日期: 2016-06-13
- 网络出版日期: 2017-02-20

Performance comparison of accelerating duct and decelerating duct

School of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11302057

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51579052

More Information

Corresponding author: HU Jian, E-mail:hujian791018@163.com

摘要

摘要:
为了研究不同形式导管桨的载荷特点，采用计算流体力学（CFD）技术分析了加速、减速导管的水动力特性及其对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响。计算域被分为包含螺旋桨的柱形域、包含导管的大域2个部分，并采用全结构化网格技术对其进行离散，以便优化网格质量和提高计算精度。用交界面技术保证不同计算域之间流体速度和压力等物理量的连续性。首先分析了JD7704+Ka4-5508导管桨的水动力性能，然后将计算值与试验值进行对比，验证了本文模型和网格技术的合理性。在此基础上，分析了不同翼形剖面拱度和攻角的加速、减速导管的水动力特性，及其对螺旋桨载荷的影响。研究表明，通过改变拱度和攻角2种方式所得到的加速和减速导管具有不同的水动力特性，能极大地优化螺旋桨的工况和载荷特点。
- 导管桨 /
- 加速导管 /
- 减速导管 /
- 计算流体力学(CFD) /
- 水动力性能
Abstract:
In order to study the loading characteristics of different forms of ducted propellers, this paper analyzes the hydrodynamic performance of accelerating duct and decelerating duct and their influences on propellers by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The computation domain is divided into two parts:cylindrical domain containing the propeller and outer domain containing the duct. The computation domain is discretized by using fully structured gridding technique to optimize the quality of grids and improve the accuracy of calculation. The continuity of physical quantities such as fluid velocity and pressure between different domains is guaranteed by using the interface technique. This paper analyzes the hydrodynamic performance of JD7704+Ka4-5508 first, and the according results are compared with those by experiments to verify the rationality of the model and the grids technique. On this basis, this paper analyzes the hydrodynamic performance of accelerating duct and decelerating duct with varied cambers and angles of attack, and their influences on the loading state of propellers. The study shows that the accelerating duct and decelerating duct due to the variation of the cambers and angles of attack have different hydrodynamic performance, and they can optimize the propeller's operating conditions and loading characteristics greatly.
- ducted propeller /
- accelerating duct /
- decelerating duct /
- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) /
- hydrodynamic performance

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图 1 导管桨三维模型

Figure 1. Three-dimensional model of ducted propeller

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图 2 旋转域网格示意图

Figure 2. Meshing sketch of rotating domain

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图 3 流体域网格划分

Figure 3. Meshing of fluid domain

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图 4 导管桨表面网格划分

Figure 4. Meshing over surfaces of ducted propeller

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图 5 JD7704+Ka4-5508型导管桨敞水特性的计算值与试验值比较

Figure 5. Comparison of numerical and test results of JD7704+Ka4-5508 ducted propeller's open water characteristics

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图 6 拱度为-0.75 t、0和0.75 t时导管翼形剖面示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of duct's airfoil sections as f=-0.75 t, f=0, and f=0.75 t

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图 7 叶梢间距随导管拱度的变化

Figure 7. Variation of tip clearance with cambers of duct

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图 8 f=-0.75 t、f=0和f=0.75 t时导管O-xy截面上流线和轴向速度分布

Figure 8. Flow lines and axial velocity distribution on O-xy section as f=-0.75 t, f=0, and f=0.75t

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图 9 f=-0.75 t、f=0和f=0.75 t时导管内沿中轴线的轴向速度分布

Figure 9. Axial velocity distribution along x-axis as f=0.75 t, f=0, and f=0.75 t

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图 10 f=-0.75 t、f=0和f=0.75 t时导管桨O-xy截面上流线和轴向速度分布

Figure 10. Flow lines and axial velocity distribution on O-xy section with propeller as f=-0.75 t, f=0, and f=0.75 t

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图 11 导管翼形剖面拱度对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响

Figure 11. Influences of cambers of duct's airfoil section onpropeller's hydrodynamic performance

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图 12 f=-0.75 t、f=0和f=0.75 t时桨叶的叶背、叶面压力分布

Figure 12. Pressure distribution on propeller's back and face as f=-0.75 t, f=0 and f=0.75 t

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图 13 f=-0.75 t、f=0和f=0.75 t时导管压力分布

Figure 13. Pressure distribution on duct as f=-0.75 t, f=0, and f=0.75 t

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图 14 f=-0.75 t、f=0和f=0.75 t时导管桨x/R=0处轴向速度分布

Figure 14. Axial velocity distribution of ducted propeller on x/R=0 section as f=-0.75 t, f=0, and f=0.75 t

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图 15 α=-8°、α=0°和α=8°时导管翼形剖面示意图

Figure 15. Schematic diagram of duct's airfoil sections as α=-8°, α=0°, and α=8°

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图 16 α=-8°和α=8°时导管O-xy截面上流线和轴向速度分布

Figure 16. Flow lines and axial velocity distribution on O-xy section as α=-8° and α=8°

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图 17 α=-8°、α=0°和α=8°时导管内沿中轴线的轴向速度分布

Figure 17. Axial velocity distribution along x-axis as α=-8°, α=0°, and α=8°

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图 18 α=-8°和α=8°时导管O-xy截面上流线和轴向速度分布

Figure 18. Flow lines and axial velocity distribution on O-xy section as α=-8° and α=8°

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图 19 导管翼型剖面攻角对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响

Figure 19. Influences of attack angles of duct's airfoil section on propeller's hydrodynamic performance

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图 20 α=-8°、α=8°时桨叶的叶背、叶面压力分布

Figure 20. Pressure distribution on propeller's back and face as α=-8° and α=8°

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图 21 α=-8°和α=8°时导管压力分布

Figure 21. Pressure distribution on duct as α=-8° and α=8°

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图 22 攻角为-8°和8°时导管桨x/R=0处轴向速度分布

Figure 22. Axial velocity distribution of ducted propeller onx/R=0 section as α=-8° and α=8°

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表 1 NACA0012翼形剖面导管主要参数

Table 1. Duct main parameters of NACA0012 airfoil section

参数	数值/m
长度	0.1665
导管外径	0.34
导管内径	0.30
叶梢间距	0.026

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表 2 Ka4-5508螺旋桨主要参数

Table 2. Main parameters of Ka4-5508 propeller

参数	数值
直径/m	0.25
盘面比	0.55
毂径比	0.2
螺距比	0.8
桨叶数	4

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表 3 数值模型及工况

Table 3. Numerical model and operating condition

数值方法	计算模型
求解器	三维单精度基于压力的定常隐式求解器
湍流模型	SST k-ω
运动模式	MRF
水的密度/(kg·m^-3)	998.2
水的动力黏性系数/(kg·(m·s)^-1)	0.001003
螺旋桨转速/(r·min^-1)	600
入口速度/(m·s^-1)	1.25
压力离散格式	Standard
耦合方式	SIMPLEC
差分方式	一阶迎风格式

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表 4 改变拱度时不同截面轴向平均速度

Table 4. Averaged axial velocity on different sections with varied camber

拱度	入口速度/(m·s^-1)	中部速度/(m·s^-1)	出口速度/(m·s^-1)
-0.75 t	1.314 474	1.808 438	1.267 485
0	1.193 269	1.366 831	1.190 093
0.75 t	1.047 939	0.909 793	1.023 590

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表 5 改变攻角时不同截面轴向平均速度

Table 5. Averaged axial velocity on different sections with varied attack angle

攻角/(°)	入口速度/(m·s^-1)	中部速度/(m·s^-1)	出口速度/(m·s^-1)
-8	0.750 235	1.086 298	1.117 297
0	1.193 269	1.366 831	1.190 093
8	1.682 453	1.472 395	1.130 847

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