Direct instantaneous torque control of switched reluctance motor based on optimal angle adaptive TSF
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摘要:
针对开关磁阻电机（SRM）在换相区转矩脉动大、运行效率低的问题，提出了一种基于最优角度自适应转矩分配函数（TSF）的SRM直接瞬时转矩控制（DITC）方法。首先，在电机全速范围内选取部分代表性转速，获得相应转速下最大平均转矩对应的最优开关角；然后，用离散的最优开关角数据训练改进的BP神经网络，获得全速范围内的最优开关角，从而使TSF根据不同转速动态地调整其形状，获得自适应能力，达到抑制换相区转矩脉动的目的。为验证所提方法的有效性，以一台3相6/4极SRM搭建仿真模型和实验平台，结果表明，所提方法有效抑制了换相区的转矩脉动，并提升了系统的运行效率。
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关键词:
- 开关磁阻电机(SRM) /
- 直接瞬时转矩控制(DITC) /
- 转矩脉动 /
- 自适应转矩分配函数(TSF) /
- BP神经网络
Abstract:Aimed at the problem that the switched reluctance motor (SRM) has large torque ripple and low operating efficiency in the commutation area, this paper proposes an SRM direct instantaneous torque control (DITC) method based on the optimal-angle-based adaptive torque sharing function (TSF). Firstrly, the representative speed of the motor is selected in the full speed range, and the optimal switch angle corresponding to the maximum average torque at the corresponding speed is obtained. Then, the improved BP neural network is trained with discrete optimal switch angle data to obtain the optimal switch angle in the full speed range. Therefore, the TSF can dynamically adjust the shape of the TSF according to different rotation speeds, obtain the adaptive ability, and achieve the purpose of suppressing the torque ripple of the commutation area. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a three-phase 6/4-pole SRM based simulation model and experimental platform are built. The results show that the proposed method effectively suppresses the torque ripple in the commutation area and improves the system operation efficiency.
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图 1 基于最优角度TSF的SRM DITC系统框图
Figure 1. Block diagram of SRM DITC system based onoptimal angle TSF
图 4 BP神经网络最优开通角和关断角训练结果
Figure 4. Training results of BP neural network on optimal turn-on angle and turn-off angle
图 7 稳定运行时常规DITC仿真图
Figure 7. Conventional DITC simulation diagram for stable operation
图 8 实验平台
1—仿真器；2—DSP控制板；3—显示按键板；4—DC电源；5—驱动板；6—霍尔电流传感器；7—TDS2012C示波器；8—SRM。
Figure 8. Experimental platform
图 11 单相驱动信号和电压电流波形
Figure 11. Single-phase driving signal and voltage and current waveforms
图 12 不同控制方法的转矩波形
Figure 12. Torque waveform corresponding to different control methods
表 1 不同转速下开关角寻优结果
Table 1. Switching angle optimization results at different rotation speeds
转速/(r·min-1) θon/(°) θoff/(°) 转矩脉动 100 -3.0 40 0.117 200 -2.9 36.8 0.112 300 -2.8 36 0.117 400 -2.8 35 0.114 500 -2.8 34 0.109 600 -3.9 33 0.107 700 -5.7 31.5 0.109 800 -6.8 31 0.105 900 -7.2 30.6 0.100 1 000 -7.9 28.4 0.097 
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表 2 SRM模型参数
Table 2. Parameters of SRM model
参数 数值 定子/转子极 6/4 额定功率/kW 3 额定转速/(r·min-1) 1 000 定子外径/mm 135 定子内径/mm 75 铁芯长度/mm 123.5 转子外径/mm 74.5 转子内径/mm 30.5
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表 3 不同控制方式性能对比
Table 3. Performance comparison of different control methods
控制方式 转矩脉动 相电流均方值/A 常规DITC 0.17 8.463 改进型DITC 0.10 7.564
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