Properties of gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire of fuse additive manufacturing and microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy
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摘要:
针对热阴极电子束轴侧熔丝与丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝方法的特点进行分析，研究了丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝增材制造熔滴过渡特点及获得滴状过渡和搭桥过渡方式需要满足的条件。采用直径2 mm的TC4钛合金丝材制备出丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝增材制造的钛合金试样，对其微观组织进行分析，结果表明：与常规热阴极电子束轴侧熔丝成形的工艺相比，丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝成形试样的组织表现为等轴晶与柱状晶层层交替叠加的状态，柱状晶与等轴晶尺寸明显减小，表明成形试样的晶粒细化，力学性能得到提高。
Abstract:Based on the analysis of fuse additive manufacturing using hot cathode electron beams with axial side feeding wires and gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire, the characteristics of droplet transfer of the gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire fuse additive manufacturing have been analyzed, and the conditions for obtaining droplet transfer and bridging transfer are also studied. A TC4 titanium alloy sample is made by gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire of fuse additive manufacturing by the mode of droplet bridging of
Φ 2 mm TC4 wire. The microstructure of the sample is compared with that manufactured by hot cathode electron beam fuse additive. Results show that the columnar and equiaxed grains of the sample overlap alternately layer by layer with an obvious decrease in their sizes, indicating that the sample grains of the sample are refined and that its mechanical properties can be improved. -
图 1 电子束熔丝方法示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of electron beam fuse additive manufacturing method
图 2 丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝增材制造束流形貌及丝端熔滴
Figure 2. Beam appearance of gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire of fuse additive manufacturing and droplet at wire top
图 4 丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝增材制造样机
Figure 4. Equipment for gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire of fuse additive manufacturing
图 6 不同电子束熔丝成形TC4钛合金的宏观组织
Figure 6. Microstructure of TC4 titanium alloy formed by different electron beam fuses
表 1 丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝增材制造样机基本参数
Table 1. Basic parameters of equipment of gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire of fuse additive manufacturing
参数 数值 工作电压U/kV -20 最大束流Ib/mA 1 000 成形速度/(kg·h-1) ＞5 成形范围S/(mm×mm×mm) 400×400×500 成形精度ε/mm 0.2 
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表 2 热阴极电子束轴侧熔丝增材制造样机基本参数
Table 2. Basic parameters of equipment of fuse additive manufacturing with axial side feeding wire
参数 数值 工作电压U/kV -60 最大束流Ib/mA 500 成形速度/(kg·h-1) ＞5 成形范围S/(mm×mm×mm) 3 000×1 800×1 000 成形精度ε/mm 0.2
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表 3 丝束同轴冷阴极电子束熔丝成形工艺参数
Table 3. Technique parameters of gas discharge electron beam coaxial wire of fuse additive manufacturing
参数 数值 气流量Q/(mL·min-1) 120 工作电压Uhv/kV -20 束流Ib/mA 300 送丝速度Vs/(mm·s-1) 50 工作台运动速度Vx/(mm·s-1) 60
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表 4 热阴极电子束轴侧熔丝增材制造工艺参数
Table 4. Technique parameters of fuse additive manufacturing with axial side feeding wire
参数 数值 气流量Q/(mL·min-1) 0 工作电压Uhv/kV -60 束流Ib/mA 150 送丝速度Vs/(mm·s-1) 30 工作台运动速度Vx/(mm·s-1) 50
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